Abstract: The term “marine economy” is increasingly common in research literature and government documents. However, these documents have not unified their connotation and measurement methods. For a country that sets the goal by 2045 to “become a strong, sustainable, prosperous, secure, and safe maritime country; where the marine economy makes an important contribution to the national economy” in the Marine Economy Strategy, the accounting of marine economic activities into the system of national accounts of Vietnam is very crucial to understand better the role of the seas and oceans in security and development. This article provides a literature review of concepts and definitions of the marine economy and its application in practice, and then proposes some policy implications.

Keywords: Ocean accounting; marine economy; blue economy; ocean economy.